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Profit / Loss questions

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Profit and Loss Questions & Answers

100 Questions & Answers: Profit and Loss

Key Formulas and Concepts:
  • Profit (P) = Selling Price (SP) – Cost Price (CP)
  • Loss (L) = Cost Price (CP) − Selling Price (SP)
  • Profit % = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100
  • Loss % = (Loss / Cost Price) × 100
  • Selling Price (SP) = Cost Price × [(100 + Profit%) / 100] (for profit)
  • Cost Price (CP) = Selling Price × [100 / (100 + Profit%)] (for profit)
  • Discount = Marked Price (MP) − Selling Price (SP)

Basic Questions & Answers (1–30)

  1. Q: What is profit?
    A: The amount earned when the selling price is greater than the cost price.
  2. Q: What is loss?
    A: The amount lost when the cost price is greater than the selling price.
  3. Q: Define cost price.
    A: The price at which an article is purchased.
  4. Q: Define selling price.
    A: The price at which an article is sold.
  5. Q: A shopkeeper buys a pen for ₹10 and sells it for ₹15. Find the profit.
    A: Profit = ₹15 − ₹10 = ₹5.
  6. Q: What is the profit percent in question 5?
    A: Profit % = (5/10) × 100 = 50%.
  7. Q: If CP = ₹50, SP = ₹40. What is the loss?
    A: Loss = ₹50 − ₹40 = ₹10.
  8. Q: Loss percent in question 7?
    A: (10/50) × 100 = 20%.
  9. Q: If cost price and selling price are equal, what is the result?
    A: Neither profit nor loss.
  10. Q: If an item is bought for ₹200 and sold for ₹250, find profit%?
    A: Profit = ₹50; Profit% = (50/200) × 100 = 25%.
  11. Q: Article bought at ₹300, sold at loss of ₹60. Find SP.
    A: SP = ₹300 − ₹60 = ₹240.
  12. Q: If selling price is ₹120 and profit is ₹20, what was cost price?
    A: CP = ₹120 − ₹20 = ₹100.
  13. Q: Find the loss % if CP is ₹80, SP is ₹68.
    A: Loss = ₹12; Loss% = (12/80) × 100 = 15%.
  14. Q: If profit% is 10% and CP is ₹2,000, what is SP?
    A: SP = 2,000 × (110/100) = ₹2,200.
  15. Q: If loss% is 25% and CP is ₹400, what is SP?
    A: SP = 400 × (75/100) = ₹300.
  16. Q: If SP = ₹480 and loss% = 20%, find CP.
    A: CP = 480 × 100/80 = ₹600.
  17. Q: If SP = ₹1,000 and profit% = 25%, find CP.
    A: CP = 1000 × 100/125 = ₹800.
  18. Q: CP = ₹350, profit% = 15%. Find SP.
    A: SP = 350 × 115/100 = ₹402.50.
  19. Q: Item sold for ₹75, loss = ₹25. Find CP.
    A: CP = 75 + 25 = ₹100.
  20. Q: Item bought for ₹180, sold at profit of 20%. SP?
    A: SP = 180 × 120/100 = ₹216.
  21. Q: If CP = ₹1, SP = ₹0.85, loss%?
    A: Loss% = ((1−0.85)/1)×100 = 15%.
  22. Q: SP is 125% of CP, profit%?
    A: 25%.
  23. Q: CP is ₹60, sold at loss of 10%. SP?
    A: ₹60 × 0.9 = ₹54.
  24. Q: SP is ₹90, profit = ₹10. CP?
    A: ₹80.
  25. Q: CP = ₹300. To get 20% profit, SP?
    A: ₹300 × 1.2 = ₹360.
  26. Q: CP = ₹200, SP = ₹150, loss%?
    A: 25%.
  27. Q: Item bought and sold at same price. What’s profit/loss %?
    A: 0%.
  28. Q: CP = ₹50, SP = ₹65, profit%?
    A: (15/50) × 100 = 30%.
  29. Q: SP = ₹140, loss = ₹10, find CP.
    A: ₹150.
  30. Q: Article sold at ₹900, profit is 20%. CP?
    A: 900 × 100/120 = ₹750.

Intermediate Questions & Answers (31–70)

  1. Q: If CP = ₹120, loss% = 10%, SP?
    A: ₹108.
  2. Q: Marked price = ₹200, discount = 10%, SP?
    A: ₹180.
  3. Q: A pen bought for ₹80, sold for ₹104. Profit%?
    A: 30%.
  4. Q: SP is ₹540, loss% is 10%. CP?
    A: 540 × 100/90 = ₹600.
  5. Q: CP is ₹1,000. Find SP for 5% loss.
    A: ₹950.
  6. Q: Article bought for ₹40, sold to gain 20%. SP?
    A: ₹48.
  7. Q: SP = ₹75, loss = ₹15. CP?
    A: ₹90.
  8. Q: A loss of 25%, SP = ₹300. CP?
    A: 300 × 100/75 = ₹400.
  9. Q: Marked price = ₹250, discount 20%. SP?
    A: ₹200.
  10. Q: SP is 90% of CP. What is loss%?
    A: 10%.
  11. Q: CP = ₹600, profit = ₹180. Find SP.
    A: ₹780.
  12. Q: SP = ₹1,100, profit = ₹200. CP?
    A: ₹900.
  13. Q: A man buys for ₹200, spends ₹20 on transport, sells for ₹270. Find profit%.
    A: Net CP = ₹220; Profit = ₹50; Profit% ≈ 22.73%.
  14. Q: Profit% = 20%, CP = ₹150. SP?
    A: ₹180.
  15. Q: Loss% = 20%, SP = ₹480. CP?
    A: ₹600.
  16. Q: If the CP is increased by 20% and SP increased by 20%, what happens to profit%?
    A: Profit% remains unchanged.
  17. Q: CP = ₹250, profit = 10%, SP?
    A: ₹275.
  18. Q: CP = ₹125, profit = ₹25. SP?
    A: ₹150.
  19. Q: SP = ₹900, profit% = 50%. CP?
    A: 900/1.5 = ₹600.
  20. Q: SP = ₹88, loss% = 20%. CP?
    A: 88/0.8 = ₹110.
  21. Q: Profit = 25% of CP. If CP = ₹200, find SP.
    A: ₹250.
  22. Q: Loss = 12% on CP of ₹700. SP?
    A: ₹616.
  23. Q: Marked price = ₹120, discount = 5%, SP?
    A: ₹114.
  24. Q: If SP is 125% of CP, what is profit%?
    A: 25%.
  25. Q: CP = ₹80, sold at 125% of CP. SP?
    A: ₹100.
  26. Q: Loss = ₹20, CP = ₹100. SP?
    A: ₹80.
  27. Q: Profit = 10%, CP = ₹90. SP?
    A: ₹99.
  28. Q: Loss = 16.67%, CP = ₹60. SP?
    A: ₹50.
  29. Q: SP = ₹270, CP = ₹300. Loss%?
    A: 10%.
  30. Q: SP = ₹550, profit = ₹50. CP?
    A: ₹500.
  31. Q: A man bought an item for ₹200, sold for ₹220. Find profit%.
    A: 10%.
  32. Q: SP = ₹75, CP = ₹60. Profit%?
    A: 25%.
  33. Q: Loss = ₹18, SP = ₹162. CP?
    A: ₹180.
  34. Q: CP = ₹250. Sold at 10% loss. SP?
    A: ₹225.
  35. Q: Profit = ₹40, CP = ₹200. Profit%?
    A: 20%.
  36. Q: Loss = ₹45, CP = ₹300. Find loss%.
    A: 15%.
  37. Q: SP = ₹180, CP = ₹225. Profit/Loss?
    A: Loss, Loss% = 20%.
  38. Q: CP = ₹1,000, profit% = 5%. SP?
    A: ₹1,050.
  39. Q: A person made 10% profit on ₹500. Find profit.
    A: ₹50.
  40. Q: Loss is 14%, CP = ₹350. SP?
    A: ₹301.

Advanced/Word Problem Questions (71–100)

  1. Q: Bought 5 items for ₹200, sold at ₹50 each. Profit%?
    A: Sold for ₹250; profit = ₹50; profit% = 25%.
  2. Q: Bought a car for ₹2,00,000, sold for ₹2,20,000, expenses ₹10,000. Profit%?
    A: Net CP = ₹2,10,000; profit = ₹10,000; profit% ≈ 4.76%.
  3. Q: A sold a bike for ₹8,000 at a profit of 25%. Find CP.
    A: CP = 8,000/1.25 = ₹6,400.
  4. Q: Sold 80 pens at ₹10 each, profit of ₹160. Find CP of one pen.
    A: Total SP = ₹800, profit = ₹160, CP = (800–160)/80 = ₹8.
  5. Q: If profit% = 0, then SP equals?
    A: SP = CP.
  6. Q: SP is 112% of CP. Find profit%.
    A: 12%.
  7. Q: SP = ₹850, CP = ₹1,000. Find loss%.
    A: 15%.
  8. Q: A watch bought at ₹500, sold at loss of 10%. SP?
    A: ₹450.
  9. Q: Item sold at ₹600, incurred a loss of ₹120. CP?
    A: ₹720.
  10. Q: Sold at a profit of ₹60, CP is ₹540. Find SP.
    A: ₹600.
  11. Q: Item purchased at ₹2,400, sold at 20% profit. SP?
    A: ₹2,880.
  12. Q: SP = ₹70, profit = ₹20. Find CP.
    A: ₹50.
  13. Q: CP = ₹2,500, loss percent = 20%. SP?
    A: ₹2,000.
  14. Q: Marked price = ₹900, discount = 10%, SP?
    A: ₹810.
  15. Q: Sold at 10% profit, CP = ₹250. SP?
    A: ₹275.
  16. Q: Loss = ₹30, CP = ₹200. Loss%?
    A: 15%.
  17. Q: Marked price = ₹800, discount = ₹160. SP?
    A: ₹640.
  18. Q: SP is 40% more than CP. Find profit%.
    A: 40%.
  19. Q: SP is 30% less than CP. Loss%?
    A: 30%.
  20. Q: CP = ₹120, profit = 25%. SP?
    A: ₹150.
  21. Q: Loss of 5% on ₹600, SP?
    A: ₹570.
  22. Q: Sold a pen at 80% of CP, incurring a 20% loss. Find CP if SP = ₹80.
    A: CP = 80/0.8 = ₹100.
  23. Q: Selling price is double the cost price. Profit%?
    A: 100%.
  24. Q: Bought at ₹400, sold at a loss of 25%. SP?
    A: ₹300.
  25. Q: Marked price = ₹2,000. Discount = 10%. Find SP.
    A: ₹1,800.
  26. Q: After 20% discount on marked price, item sold at ₹160. Marked price?
    A: ₹160/0.8 = ₹200.
  27. Q: Loss = 33.33%, CP = ₹60, SP?
    A: ₹40.
  28. Q: SP = ₹120, CP = ₹80. Profit%?
    A: 50%.
  29. Q: If profit% and loss% on two articles is equal and SPs are same, net result?
    A: Always a loss.
  30. Q: A sold for ₹600 at profit of 20%; B sold for ₹720 at loss of 10%. Find net profit/loss% if CPs added and SPs added.
    A: CP(A) = 600/1.2 = 500, CP(B) = 720/0.9 = 800. Total CP = 1,300. Total SP = 1,320. Net Profit = 20, Profit% ≈ 1.54%.

End of set — Practice more for mastery!

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